جهاز مقاوم للصدمات في درجات الحرارة المنخفضة

1. فهم أساسي للمعدات

1.1 نطاق استخدام المعدات

The DWC Series Low-temperature Impact Device is specialized testing equipment designed and manufactured in accordance with multiple national and international standards. It is primarily used to test the impact resistance of PVC-sheathed cables, wires, flexible cords, and unsheathed parallel flexible cords in low-temperature environments, and to verify whether the materials’ low-temperature brittleness and impact strength meet the requirements of these standards.

1.2 المعايير المعمول بها

LISUN الموديل	DWC-1	دي دبليو سي-2	دي دبليو سي-3
قطرة الوزن	100 غرام, 200 غرام, 300 غرام, 400 غرام, 500 غرام, 600 غرام, 750 غرام, 1000 غرام, 1250 غرام، 1500 جرام	100 غرام، 1000 g	0.5 kg, 1.0 kg, 2.0 kg, 6.8 kg
المعايير المعمول بها	GB/T 2951.14, Section 8.5 and Figure 2 (IEC 60811-1-4, Section 8.5 and Figure 2), GB/T 5013.1 (IEC 60245-1), GB/T 5023 (IEC 60227-1)	GB/T 2099.1, Section 24.5 and Figure 27, and Section 30.5 and Figure 42 (IEC 60884-1, Section 24.5 and Figure 30, and Section 30.5 and Figure 42), GB/T 17466.1, Figure 21 (IEC 60670-1, Figure 21)	GB/T 20041.1, Section 10.3 and Figure 2 (IEC 61386-1, Section 10.3 and Figure 2)

Note: This manual uses the DWC-2 as an example.

1.3 مبادئ الاختبار

1.3.1 Description of Supporting Equipment

This device is a shock actuator و يجب استخدام بالتزامن مع القادم LISUNG DJW series low-temperature test chambers إلى meet the low-temperature environmental testing requirements specified in the standards. The low-temperature test chamber provides a stable low-temperature environment; both the shock device and the test specimens must be pre-cooled in this environment.

1.3.2 مبدأ الاختبار

After holding the test specimen in a specified low-temperature environment for a specified period of time, a specified-weight impact weight is dropped freely from a set height to strike a designated area of the specimen. Following the test, the specimen is inspected for defects such as cracks or breakage, and the material’s low-temperature impact resistance is evaluated based on these findings.

1.3.3 Workflow Logic

Condition the specimen at low temperature → Place the specimen in the impact station → Lock the impact weight at the set height → Release the weight for a free-fall impact → Remove the specimen for inspection → Evaluate the test results

2. احتياطات السلامة

2.1 Installation Environment for the Equipment

The equipment must be placed on a level and stable test bench with a tilt of no more than 2°;

Leave at least 50 cm of clearance around the area and keep it away from flammable and explosive materials.

2.3 إرشادات السلامة التشغيلية

Operators must undergo training on this manual and become familiar with the equipment’s structure and operating procedures before being allowed to operate it;

Operators with long hair must tie it back to prevent it from getting caught in moving parts of the equipment;

When operating the equipment, wear cryogenic protective gloves to prevent frostbite from contact with cold test specimens or the inner walls of the cryogenic chamber;

Wear safety goggles to prevent injury to the eyes from flying fragments of the specimen;

Damaged test specimens resulting from the impact must be collected properly to avoid cuts from sharp edges;

It is strictly prohibited to test specimens that exceed the device’s rated load capacity;

The use of non-standard weights or impact distances for testing is strictly prohibited.

3. مقدمة عن الجهاز

3.1 مخطط قياسي

3.1.1 Schematic Diagram of The Low-Temperature Impact Device For Plugs

انظر الشكل 3-1 (مأخوذ من IEC 60884-1:2022، الشكل 30).

3.1.2 Schematic Diagram of The Low-Temperature Impact Device For Plug Insulation Sleeves

انظر الشكل 3-2 (مأخوذ من IEC 60884-1:2022، الشكل 45).

3.2 Photographs of the Actual Device

3.2.1 Test Setup Components

انظر الشكل 3-3.

رقم الهاتف	ملاحظات
①	Steel Base and Bracket
②	Adjustable Weight Holder
③	Weight Locking Device
④	Release mechanism: Press to release the weight for the impact test
⑤	Adjustable guide rod used to control the vertical descent of weights and secure steel spacers
⑥	Steel Spacers for 100g Drop Weights
⑦	100-gram drop weight
⑧	100-mm steel ruler, to control the impact height

Note: The 1000-gram drop weight comes with a matching steel spacer; see Figures 3-4.

رقم الهاتف	ملاحظات
①	1000-gram drop weight
②	1000g Drop Weight with Steel Spacer Block
③	100-gram drop weight
④	Steel Spacers for 100g Drop Weight

3.2.2 Impact Test Setup Diagram

Taking a 100-gram drop weight as an example—specifically, the low-temperature impact test on the insulated sleeve of a plug as described in Section 3.1.2—see Figure 3-4.

رقم الهاتف	ملاحظات
①	100g Drop Weight Installation
②	Installation of Steel Spacers
③	Note: During the test, place the test specimen pin between the steel spacer and the steel base. See 3.1.2.
④	Use a 100-mm steel ruler to determine the impact height, which is the distance between the falling hammer and the steel spacer.

For a 1000-gram drop weight, simply replace ② with the corresponding steel spacer.

4. Low-Temperature Impact Test

4.1 Low-Temperature Impact Test for Plugs

See Clause 24.5 of IEC 60884-1: 2022.

Place the test setup, which is positioned on a 40-mm-thick sponge rubber block, along with three intact test specimens, into a test chamber maintained at a temperature of -15°C for at least 16 hours. At the end of this period, place each test specimen in the test position one by one and drop the hammer from a height of 100 mm. The mass of the hammer is 1000 g. After the test, the test specimens shall show no damage within the scope of this document.

4.2 Low-Temperature Impact Test for Plug Insulation Sleeves

See Clause 30.5 of IEC 60884-1: 2022.

A device consisting of a 100-gram drop weight placed on a 40-mm-thick sponge rubber pad, together with three intact test specimens, is placed in a test chamber maintained at a temperature of -15°C for at least 24 hours. At the end of this period, place each specimen in the test position one at a time and allow the drop weight to fall from a height of 100 mm. The same test specimen shall undergo four consecutive impacts; between each impact, the specimen shall be rotated 90°. After the test, the specimen shall be allowed to return to approximately room temperature before inspection. Without any additional magnification, the insulating sheath shall be free of cracks visible to the naked eye or with corrected vision.

5. الصيانة اليومية للمعدات والعناية بها

التنظيف والصيانة اليومية

5.1.1 Maintenance After Each Test

Wipe the surface of the device with a dry cloth to remove condensation and dust; check the surfaces of the weights, steel shims, and steel base for stains, and wipe them clean immediately.

5.1.2 الصيانة الأسبوعية

Clean the surface of the guide rail with anhydrous ethanol to ensure it is smooth and rust-free; check all fastening screws for looseness and tighten them as needed; check whether the spring in the release mechanism is functioning properly.

Regular Lubrication and Rust Prevention

Apply a thin layer of low-temperature grease to the surface of the guide rail to reduce friction; apply a small amount of lubricating oil to the release mechanism and the areas around the mounting screws; check the stainless steel surface for any signs of rust, remove any rust promptly, and apply a rust-preventive treatment.

5.3 التخزين والصيانة على المدى الطويل

Pre-treatment for Storage

Thoroughly clean and dry the equipment, and apply rust-preventative oil to all metal surfaces; pack and store weights and other accessories separately to prevent damage; cover the entire unit with a dust cover for protection.

متطلبات بيئة التخزين

Store indoors in a dry, well-ventilated area free of corrosive gases; ambient temperature should be between 5°C and 35°C, with relative humidity not exceeding 80%; keep the equipment in a horizontal position to prevent deformation caused by heavy pressure.

5.4 متطلبات فترة المعايرة

لضمان دقة الجهاز وموثوقيته، يُنصح بإرساله دوريًا إلى مختبر قياسات معتمد تابع لجهة خارجية لإجراء المعايرة. يُوصى بإجراء المعايرة كل 12 شهرًا. ويمكن للمستخدمين تحديد فترة المعايرة المناسبة بناءً على وتيرة الاستخدام والظروف البيئية ومتطلبات نظام الجودة.

6. استكشاف الأخطاء وإصلاحها وحل المشكلات الشائعة

أعراض الخلل	العملية
The drop hammer gets stuck during descent	Use a level to ensure the device is placed horizontally; make sure the guide rail is vertical, remove any dirt or foreign objects from the rail, and check the clearance between the drop weight and the guide rail.
Addressing Institutional Failures	Inspect the spring; if it is defective, replace it. If it is sticking, apply a neutral lubricant. If the mounting screws are loose, adjust the release mechanism cable until it is at the proper tension, then retighten the screws.